Core Principles:

• Neurological Assessment is Paramount: The process begins with a comprehensive functional neurological assessment to identify specific brain regions and pathways that are not functioning optimally and contributing to gait deviations. This assessment will look at sensory processing (vestibular, proprioceptive, visual), motor control, reflexes, and cerebellar function.
• Addressing Brain Hemispheric Imbalances: The Melillo Method emphasises the importance of balanced hemispheric function. Gait abnormalities can sometimes be linked to imbalances between the left and right sides of the brain. Training may target strengthening the weaker hemisphere and improving interhemispheric communication to achieve a more symmetrical and coordinated gait.
• Developmental Perspective: Understanding typical motor development is crucial. Gait training may incorporate activities that revisit and reinforce earlier motor milestones that are foundational for walking.
• Sensory-Motor Integration: Gait is a complex sensory-motor task. Training will focus on improving how the brain processes sensory information (e.g., feedback from the feet, visual input about the environment, vestibular sense of balance) and uses it to control movement.
• Neuroplasticity: The training leverages the brain's ability to reorganise and form new neural connections through targeted and repetitive exercises.

Components of Gait Training;

These are examples, and the specific program will be tailored to the individual child:

• Targeted Sensory Stimulation: Vestibular, Proprioceptive, Visual, Tactile.
• Reflex Integration and rhythmic movement training.
• Balance and Stability Exercises.
• Coordination Exercises.
• Rhythmic and Patterned Movements.
• Cross-Lateral Movements.
• Visual-Motor Integration for Gait.
• Cognitive Components.
• Task-Specific Practice.
• Assistive Devices (if needed).

Developing Minds Considerations:

• Age-Appropriateness: Activities are adapted to the child's developmental level and presented in an engaging and motivating way, often through play.
• Positive Reinforcement: Encouragement and positive feedback are crucial for motivation and progress.
• Parental Involvement: Educating parents on the principles and providing home-based activities are essential components.
• Gradual Progression: The complexity and challenge of gait training exercises are gradually increased as the child demonstrates improvement.

Gait training is not just about teaching a child how to walk; it's about addressing the neurological foundations that support efficient and coordinated movement. By targeting specific brain regions and pathways through tailored sensory, motor, and cognitive activities, the goal is to promote lasting improvements in gait and overall motor function.